Longest Lasting Cases of Slavery

• 📜Ancient Mesopotamia — Slavery was institutionalized in Mesopotamia as early as 3500 BC, as evidenced by the Code of Hammurabi, which refers to slavery as an established institution.
• 🌍Africa — Slavery was endemic in Africa from the 15th to the 18th century, with significant populations enslaved in regions like Senegambia, Ghana, and the Sokoto Caliphate.
• 🇧🇷Brazil — Slavery in Brazil lasted until 1888, making it one of the last countries in the Americas to abolish slavery.
• 🇪🇹Ethiopia — Slavery persisted in Ethiopia until 1942, when it was abolished by Emperor Haile Selassie.
• 🇳🇬Northern Nigeria — Slavery was outlawed in Northern Nigeria in 1936, but it had been a significant part of the region's social structure for centuries.
• 🏴Scotland — The case of Joseph Knight in 1778 marked the end of legal slavery in Scotland, as the court ruled that slavery was not recognized under Scottish law.
• 🇺🇸United States — The Dred Scott case in 1857 highlighted the legal complexities of slavery in the U.S., which was not abolished until the 13th Amendment in 1865.
• 🇸🇦Saudi Arabia — Slavery was officially abolished in Saudi Arabia in 1962, although it had been practiced for centuries prior.

Historical Context

• 📜Ancient Civilizations — Slavery was a common practice in ancient civilizations such as Egypt, Greece, and Rome, where it was integral to the economy and social structure.
• 🌍African Slave Trade — The transatlantic slave trade began in the 16th century, with European powers transporting millions of Africans to the Americas.
• 🏴Scotland's Legal Precedent — The 1778 case of Joseph Knight in Scotland set a legal precedent that slavery was not recognized under Scottish law.
• 🇺🇸American Civil War — The U.S. Civil War (1861-1865) was a pivotal conflict that led to the abolition of slavery in the United States.
• 🇧🇷Brazil's Abolition — Brazil was the last country in the Americas to abolish slavery in 1888, following a long period of resistance and gradual emancipation.

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Abolition Movements

• 🇬🇧British Abolition — The British Empire abolished the slave trade in 1807 and slavery itself in 1833, influenced by activists like William Wilberforce.
• 🇫🇷French Abolition — France abolished slavery in 1848, largely due to the efforts of Victor Schœlcher and the 1848 revolution.
• 🇺🇸U.S. Abolition — The 13th Amendment, ratified in 1865, officially abolished slavery in the United States.
• 🇧🇷Brazilian Abolition — The Lei Áurea (Golden Law) was signed in 1888, ending slavery in Brazil without compensation to slave owners.
• 🇪🇹Ethiopian Abolition — Emperor Haile Selassie abolished slavery in Ethiopia in 1942, as part of modernization efforts.

Modern Slavery

• 📈Global Estimates — As of 2021, approximately 50 million people were living in modern slavery, including forced labor and forced marriage.
• 🌐Human Trafficking — Modern slavery often involves human trafficking, with victims exploited in industries such as agriculture, construction, and sex work.
• 📊Economic Impact — Modern slavery generates an estimated $150 billion in annual profits, highlighting its significant economic impact.
• ⚖️Legal Frameworks — International laws and organizations, such as the International Labour Organization, work to combat modern slavery through legislation and advocacy.
• 🔍Awareness and Advocacy — Increased awareness and advocacy efforts aim to reduce modern slavery, with campaigns focusing on consumer responsibility and corporate accountability.