Types of Learning in Psychology
- Classical Conditioning — Learning through association, where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus to evoke a specific response.
- Observational Learning — Learning by observing others' behaviors and the consequences of those behaviors.
- Operant Conditioning — Learning through reinforcement or punishment for behaviors, leading to an increase or decrease in the likelihood of those behaviors being repeated.
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The behavioural psychology described three types of learning: Classical Conditioning, Observational Learning and Operant Conditioning.
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Classical Conditioning
- Definition — A type of learning in which a neutral stimulus comes to elicit a response after being paired with a stimulus that naturally elicits a response.
- Process — Involves the automatic, reflexive responses that are not under voluntary control.
- Example — Pavlov's experiment with dogs, where a bell (neutral stimulus) was rung before presenting food (stimulus), eventually causing the dogs to salivate at the sound of the bell alone.
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The process of learning is continuous which starts right from the time of birth of an individual and continues till the death.
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Observational Learning
- Definition — Learning that occurs through observing the behavior of others and the consequences of that behavior.
- Process — Involves attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation.
- Models — Individuals who are observed and imitated.
- Cultural Influence — Can be a dominant learning style in some cultures, emphasizing the role of social models.
Observational learning is learning that occurs through observing the behavior of others.
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Operant Conditioning
- Definition — A type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher.
- Key Concepts — Reinforcement and punishment are the core mechanisms.
- Example — Skinner's experiments with rats, where behaviors were modified through reinforcement or punishment.
From managementstudyguide.com
The behavioural psychology described three types of learning: Classical Conditioning, Observational Learning and Operant Conditioning.
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